Which Weight Loss Surgery Works Best? A Big UK Study Has the Answer
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Introduction
Obesity is a growing health problem around the world. For people with severe obesity, surgery can be an effective way to lose weight and improve health. But which surgery works best? A large UK study called the By-Band-Sleeve trial looked into this question by comparing three types of weight loss surgery: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, adjustable gastric banding, and sleeve gastrectomy.
What Was the Study About?
The study involved 1,346 adults with severe obesity. They were randomly assigned to one of the three surgeries. The researchers then followed them for three years to see how much weight they lost, how their quality of life changed, and how safe each surgery was.
The Surgeries Explained
- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass reduces the size of the stomach and reroutes part of the digestive system.
- Adjustable gastric banding uses a band to squeeze part of the stomach, making people feel full faster.
- Sleeve gastrectomy removes part of the stomach, reducing its size and changing hunger hormones.
What Did the Study Find?
The results showed clear differences between the surgeries:
- Weight Loss: Gastric bypass was the most effective. About 68% of patients lost at least half of their excess weight. Sleeve gastrectomy came next at 41%, and adjustable gastric banding was lowest at 25%.
- Quality of Life: People who had gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy reported a better quality of life than those who had gastric banding.
- Safety and Side Effects: All surgeries had some risks, but serious complications were rare. Sleeve gastrectomy had the fewest problems after surgery. Gastric bypass had more complications but was still considered safe overall.
What About Cost?
The study also looked at which surgery gave the best value for money in the UK’s National Health Service. Despite being more expensive, gastric bypass provided the most health benefits for the cost, making it the most cost-effective option.
So, What’s the Best Choice?
According to this study, gastric bypass is the most effective surgery for weight loss and improving quality of life in people with severe obesity. Sleeve gastrectomy is a good second choice, especially for those who may not be suitable for gastric bypass. Adjustable gastric banding is not recommended as a first choice anymore because it was less effective and required more follow-up procedures.
Conclusion
This major study gives strong evidence to guide doctors and patients in choosing the right weight loss surgery. Gastric bypass stands out as the most effective option, with sleeve gastrectomy as a solid alternative. This research will help improve care for people struggling with obesity and support better health outcomes.